Heartburn

Also known as acid reflux

Heartburn occurs when stomach acid comes into contact with the lining of the esophagus. This can cause a burning sensation in the chest or throat, coughing, and vomiting. Anyone may experience occasional heartburn. However, if it occurs frequently or daily, it may be a symptom of an underlying digestive disorder, most often gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD. Treatment includes changes to your lifestyle and over-the-counter or prescription medications. 

Key Terms

Frequently Asked Questions

  • How can I get rid of heartburn?

    Antacids are commonly used heartburn medications that may relieve occasional heartburn and indigestion. The active ingredients in antacids neutralize stomach acid. Natural remedies to consider also include aloe vera juice, deglycyrrhizinated licorice, and baking soda dissolved in water. Proton-pump inhibitors and H2 receptor blockers can also help with heartburn.

  • What foods cause heartburn?

    Certain foods and beverages are more likely to cause heartburn in some people. Common triggers to avoid include coffee, tea, and other caffeinated drinks; alcoholic beverages; chocolate; fried, greasy, or fatty foods; peppermint; tomatoes and tomato-based products; spicy foods and black pepper; and citrus fruits and juices.

  • How long does heartburn last?

    Most people experience the symptoms of heartburn occasionally, often after a large or spicy meal. The symptoms usually occur after eating and can last for hours or through the night. Chronic heartburn, which includes episodes that occur several times a week or several times a day, can lead to complications if left untreated. See your doctor if heartburn is a recurring issue for you.

  • How can I prevent heartburn?

    Quitting smoking, avoiding or reducing alcohol consumption, and avoiding lying down after eating will all help prevent heartburn or reduce episodes. In addition, pay attention to dietary patterns, since foods can often trigger heartburn. For daily prevention, try drinking water or herbal tea or chewing gum after a meal to help wash down stomach acid.

  • Can stress or anxiety cause heartburn?

    Stress hasn't been shown to directly cause heartburn. However, it can lead to behaviors that trigger heartburn. During stressful times, routines are disrupted, and you may not follow your normal routines in regard to meals, exercise, and medication. Try to follow healthy eating and exercise patterns, even during times of anxiety or transition, to help reduce heartburn occurrence.

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